呼伦贝尔市汛期短时强降水时空分布特征

Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Short-Time Heavy Rainfall in Hulun Buir City

利用呼伦贝尔市2005~2018年241个气象观测站小时降水量资料,统计分析了呼伦贝尔市短时强降水过程的时空分布特征。结果表明:呼伦贝尔市短时强降水的高发区和50 mm以上降水主要在东部,高发时段为14~20时,其次为08~14时。短时强降水出现的站点数和次数随量级的增加而减少。短时强降水2013年出现次数最多,且发生频次有逐年递增趋势。7月出现短时强降水次数最多,8月次之,5月和9月最少。发生短时强降水时,各量级的小时降水量的时空变化与短时强降水发生频次的时间变化一致。

Using the data of meteorological observation stations in Hulun Buir from 2005 to 2018,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of short-time heavy rainfall in Hulun Buir city were analyzed.The results show that the high incidence area and extreme heavy rainfall in Hulun Buir city were mainly in the east.The period of high incidence was at 14—20 o’clock,followed by 08-14 o’clock.The more rainfall levels,the smaller number of stations and frequency appearing in short-time heavy rainfall.Short-time heavy rainfall appeared the most frequently in 2013,and the frequency increased year by year.Short-time heavy rainfall occurred the most in July,followed in August and lowest in May and September.What’s more,the temporal and spatial variation of hourly rainfall of each magnitude was consistent with that of the frequency of short-term heavy rainfall.