2014~2020年中国臭氧浓度时空分布特征研究

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Ozone Concentration in China from 2014 to 2020

为科学指导城市深入开展臭氧污染防治,根据2014~2020年全国337个城市臭氧日最大8 h质量浓度的月度、季度、年度数据,基于统计分析、克里金插值法探究了全国臭氧浓度的时空变化特征。结果表明:当前我国臭氧浓度均优于国家空气质量臭氧二级标准。全国春季、夏季臭氧浓度偏高,秋季、冬季臭氧浓度较低,冬季臭氧浓度明显低于前三季度。臭氧月浓度变化呈现倒U型,5~6月份浓度出现峰值,可达108~131μg/m^(3),4~9月份浓度均高于99.6μg/m^(3),且与相邻近的月份存在显著差异变化,应是臭氧污染治理的重点关注月份。O_(3)浓度存在明显的区域差异,我国臭氧浓度高的区域集中在西北、华北、华中、华东地区,基本形成北纬25°~40°高值分布格局,且东部沿海区域比内陆区域浓度更高,后期将是臭氧污染防控的重点关注区域。

In order to provide scientific guidance for integrated control of O_(3) pollution,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of national O_(3) concentration are explored based on statistical analysis and Kriging interpolation,according to the monthly,quarterly and annual data of the maximum 8-hour daily ozone concentration in 337 cities in China from 2014 to 2020.The results show that the ozone concentration in China is superior to the national air quality ozone secondary standard at present.It was relatively higher in spring and summer,and in winter it was significantly lower than the previous three quarters.The monthly concentration of O_(3) showed an inverted U-shape.It peaked from May to June,reaching 108~131μg/m^(3).From April to September,the O_(3) concentration was above 99.6μg/m^(3),which was significantly different from the adjacent months.And the period from April to September requires more attention for O 3 pollution control.There were obvious regional differences in O_(3) concentration.The regions with high ozone concentration in China were concentrated in Northwest China,North China,Central China and East China,basically forming a high value distribution pattern between 25°and 40°in the north latitude,and the concentration in the eastern coastal region was higher than that in the inland region.It’s necessary to focus on the O_(3) pollution prevention and control in these areas.