2006至2017年丽江市1346例人免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of 1346 cases of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Lijiang City from 2006 to 2017

目的分析2006至2017年丽江市人免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)报告发病率及1346例HIV/AIDS流行病学特征,为有效防控HIV/AIDS的传播和流行提供理论依据。方法收集丽江市2006至2017年AIDS网络直报资料,经查重、核实、筛选,对丽江市报告的HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征进行分析。结果2006至2017年丽江市共报告HIV/AIDS 1346例,年均报告112例,年均报告发病率9.34/10万,其中2017年报告HIV/AIDS 213例,报告发病率最高达17.36/10万,2006年报告HIV/AIDS 13例,报告发病率最低为1.13/10万,丽江市2006至2017年HIV/AIDS报告发病率总体呈逐年上升趋势,且HIV/AIDS报告发病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HIV 915例,年均报告发病率6.35/10万,AIDS 198例,年均报告发病率1.37/10万。1346例HIV/AIDS中男884例,女462例,男女比为1.91∶1;平均年龄(37.25±13.63)岁,以30~45岁最多,占41.16%;职业中农民最多,为884例,占65.68%;而学生最少为29例,占2.15%,其中18~25岁21例,占72.41%。民族中汉族最多,为629例,占46.73%;感染途径中是异性传播最多,为1017例,占75.56%;HIV/AIDS地区分布:年均报告发病率从高到低为古城区、宁蒗县、玉龙县、华坪县、永胜县,分别为16.51/10万、10.75/10万、8.10/10万、7.59/10万、7.05/10万。结论2006至2017年丽江市HIV/AIDS报告病例呈逐年上升趋势,传播方式以性传播为主,在做好AIDS综合防制时,需加大HIV监测检测力度和检测服务宣传,加强性传播途径防控力度。

Objective To analyze the reported incidence of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)and epidemiological characteristics of 1346 cases of HIV/AIDS in Lijiang City from 2006 to 2017,so as to provide theoretical basis for effective prevention and control of the spread and epidemic of HIV/AIDS.Methods The data of direct AIDS network reporting from 2006 to 2017 were collected.After rechecking,verifying,and screening,the reported cases of HIV/AIDS whose current address is Lijiang City were used for descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 1346 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in Lijiang City from 2006 to 2017,with an average annual report of 112 cases and average annual reported incidence rate was 9.34/10 million,of which 213 cases of HIV/AIDS were reported in 2017,with the highest reported incidence ratewas up to 17.36/10 million,and 13 cases of HIV/AIDS were reportedin 2006,the lowest reported incidence rate was1.13/10 million,the reported incidence of HIV/AIDS in Lijiang City from 2006 to 2017 generally showed an upward trend year by year,and there was statistically significant difference in the reported incidence of HIV/AIDS(P<0.05).There were 915 cases of HIV,the annual reported incidence rate was 6.35/10 million,and 198 cases of AIDS,the average annual reported incidence rate was 1.37/10 million.Among 1346 cases of HIV/AIDS,884 were males,462 were females,and the male female ratio was 1.91∶1;the average age was(37.25±13.63)years old,mostly 30-45 years old,accounting for 41.16%;there were 884 cases of professional farmers accounted,accounting for 65.68%,while 29 cases were students,accounting for 2.15%,of which 21 cases were 18-25 years old,accounting for 72.41%.Among the ethnic groups,the Han nationality had the most 629 cases,accounting for 46.73%;the infection route was the most 1017 cases of heterosexual transmission,accounting for 75.56%.Regional distribution of HIV/AIDS:the annual average reported incidence rate from high to low is Gucheng District,Ninglang County,Yulong County,Huaping County,and Yongsheng County,16.51/10 million,10.75/10 million,8.10/10 million,7.59/10 million,7.05/10 million respectively.Conclusion The reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Lijiang increased year by year from 2006 to 2017,and the main mode of transmission was sexual transmission.In the comprehensive prevention and control of AIDS,HIV monitoring and testing efforts and publicity of testing services should be strengthened,and prevention and control through sexual transmission should be strengthened.