国内外报废弹药处理技术发展现状

Present Situation of Obsolete Ammunitions Disposal Technologies Development at Home and Abroad

为促进报废弹药处理向着经济、绿色、高效和安全方向发展,简述了弹药报废失效的原因及危害,总结了近年来国内外报废弹药处理技术发展概况,综述了报废弹药拆卸、倒空和销毁相关技术和装备的发展现状。基于此,认为报废弹药处理自动化作业水平不高、销毁方式相对粗放和回收利用手段单一,造成目前人员安全风险增加、环境污染和资源浪费等问题,相应的对策建议包括:研发新型自动化销毁装备、创新销毁处理技术和积极开发回收利用技术等。

To improve the economic,green,efficient and safe development for obsolate ammunitions disposal,this paper briefly described the causes and harms of the obsolete ammunitions,summarized the development of the obsolete ammunitions disposal technology at home and abroad in recent years,as well as the development status of the technologies and equipment related to the disassemble,emptying and destruction of the obsolete ammunitions.Based on this,it is considered that the low level of automation in the disposal of obsolete ammunitions,the relatively extensive destruction methods and the single means of recovery and utilization have resulted in the increasing safety risk of personnel,environmental pollution and waste of resources,etc.,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions include research and development of new automatic destruction equipment,innovation of destruction treatment technologies and active development of recycling technologies,etc.