产前超声检查对胎儿泌尿系统异常的诊断价值研究

Value of prenatal ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal urinary system abnormalities

目的探究产前超声检查对胎儿泌尿系统异常的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析90例产前超声检查发现泌尿系统异常的孕妇及胎儿的超声资料,统计产前超声检查诊断准确率,分析胎儿泌尿系统异常类型。结果随访至出生后超声检查或CT、磁共振成像(MRI)检查确诊85例,产前超声诊断准确率为94.44%(85/90)。产前超声检查发现胎儿泌尿系统异常包括:肾积水27例,重复肾3例,多囊肾10例,马蹄肾16例,单侧肾缺如6例,异位肾并发育不良18例,后尿道瓣膜1例,肾囊肿3例,膀胱异常4例,肾肿瘤2例。其中肾囊肿、马蹄肾、膀胱异常在随访中未发现肾功能损伤,未给予特殊处理,其余情况均给予手术治疗,疗效较好。结论产前超声检查在胎儿泌尿系统异常中的诊断价值较高,具有较高的诊断准确率,对胎儿娩出后的治疗具有较好的指导作用。

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal urinary system abnormalities.Methods The ultrasound data of 90 pregnant women and fetuses with urinary system abnormalities found by prenatal ultrasound were retrospectively analyzed,and the diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound was counted,and the types of fetal urinary system abnormalities were analyzed.Results Follow-up to postnatal ultrasound or CT,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examination confirmed 85 cases,and the diagnosis accuracy of prenatal ultrasound was 94.44%(85/90).Prenatal ultrasonography revealed fetal urinary system abnormalities including:27 cases of hydronephrosis,3 cases of duplication kidney,10 cases of polycystic kidney,16 cases of horseshoe kidney,6 cases of unilateral renal agenesis,18 cases of ectopic kidney and dysplasia,1 case of posterior urethral valve,3 cases of renal cyst,4 cases of bladder abnormality,and 2 cases of renal tumor.Among them,renal cysts,horseshoe kidneys,and bladder abnormalities were not found to be damaged in renal function during follow-up,and no special treatment was given,while the rest of the cases had good results after surgical treatment.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound examination is of high value in the diagnosis of fetal urinary system abnormalities,with high diagnostic accuracy,and has a good guiding role in the treatment of the fetus after delivery.