村镇资源环境承载力研究评述与展望

Review and Prospect of Research on Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity at Town and Village Levels

为应对经济社会发展转型和城镇化发展需要,实现城乡统筹发展,我国积极推进“新型城镇化”“新农村建设”“乡村振兴”战略。村镇资源环境承载力研究既是我国村镇建设战略实施和科学决策的重要依据,也是服务和满足国土资源与空间精细化管理需要的重要技术支撑。文章在对现有国内外村镇尺度资源环境承载力研究归纳整理的基础上,就该领域的研究展开了评述与展望。文章认为,村镇资源环境承载力研究应重视以下四个方面:①构建分层次、类型差异化和以应用为导向的评价体系;②依托国土空间规划和双评价等契机,摸清村镇资源本底,评估生态环境现状,在规划中科学合理分区及规划引导,针对性设计村域资源环境承载力提升路径;③加强村镇资源环境承载力预警研究;④推进村镇资源承载力评价多学科融合与基础技术探究。

In order to respond to the needs of economic and social development transformation and urbanization development,and to achieve urban-rural integrated development,China has actively promoted a series of strategies such as“new urbanization”,“new countryside development”,and“rural revitalization”.The study on resource and environment carrying capacity at town and village levels is not only the basis for the implementation of the strategy of new countryside development and scientific decision-making,but also a critical technical support for territorial management.By reviewing the domestic and foreign literature in the resource and environment carrying capacity,it is suggested that the future research should focus on the following fields:1)establishing a hierarchical,differentiated and application-oriented evaluation system;2)based on opportunities such as territorial and spatial planning and dual evaluation,mapping out the resource background of villages and towns,assessing the current state of ecological environment,scientifically and rationally zoning and providing guidance in planning,and designing targeted paths to enhance the carrying capacity of resources and environment in towns and villages;3)developing an early warning system of carrying capacity at town and village levels;and 4)promoting multidisciplinary integration and basic technology exploration.