摘要
本文立足于我国新一代人工智能的鲜明时代特征与多重治理挑战,全方位探析新时期我国人工智能治理的核心问题,创新性构建我国人工智能适应性治理的工作框架,并系统性刻画我国人工智能适应性治理的范式变革。研究发现:(1)我国新一代人工智能治理的核心问题主要包括整合技术社会复合体的离散性认知、实现系统生态主权的非均衡调适、突破包容审慎探索的有限性实践三个方面。(2)我国新一代人工智能适应性治理已经形成以“逻辑内核-秩序重构-监管响应”为核心构成的清晰工作框架,其中技术社会复合体、生态重心偏移、秩序需求重构成为其稳定特性存在,而治理对象、治理理念、治理主体、治理工具则成为其动态特性存在。(3)我国新一代人工智能适应性治理经历了探索式治理(2016前)、回应式治理(2017-2019)、集中式治理(2020-2021)、敏捷式治理(2022-)的范式变革历程,并且不同范式下技术创新力度与风险规制力度的组合特征存在显著的阶段性差异。
Based on the distinctive characteristics and multiple governance challenges of China’s new-generation artificial intelligence development(N-AI),this paper explores the core issues of China’s N-AI governance, constructs a working framework to describe its paradigm transformation. The findings are as follows:(1)The core issues of China’s N-AI governance mainly include integrating the discrete cognition of tech-social complex, realizing the unbalanced adjustment of system ecological sovereignty, and breaking through the limited exploration of inclusive and prudent practice;(2) China’s N-AI adaptive governance has formed a working framework characterized by "logical core, order reconstruction, and regulatory response", among which the tech-social complex, shifting of ecological focus, and reconstruction of social orders are the stable characteristics, while the governance objects, philosophies, actors, and tools are the dynamic characteristics;(3) China’s N-AI adaptive governance has experienced paradigm changes from exploratory governance(before 2016), responsive governance(2017—2019), centralized governance(2020—2021),to agile governance(2022—),each with significantly different characteristics in the combination of technological innovations and risk regulations.
作者
姜李丹
薛澜
Jiang Lidan;Xue Lan(School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,100876,China;School of Public Policy&Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China)
出处
《公共管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期1-11,164,共12页
Journal of Public Management
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(71904096)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(71790611)
中国科协高端科技创新智库青年项目(S2021291)。
关键词
新一代人工智能
适应性治理
时代挑战
范式变革
New-Generation Artificial Intelligence(N-AI)
Adaptive Governance
Current Challenges
Paradigm Transformation