“政策扩散异化”何以发生?——以A区共有产权住房政策过程为例

Why Does "Policy Diffusion Alienation" Occur?——Taking Common Property Housing Policy in District A as an Example

政策扩散是政策过程研究的重要领域。既有研究多关注政策扩散的“积极改进”,相对忽视了实践中的负面扩散现象。对此,本文尝试突破以往强调政策扩散正向结果的研究,提出“政策扩散异化”这一概念,总括政策扩散中的偏离、变异等负面现象,刻画负面扩散现象的细节和全貌,并搭建“合法性-效率-政策网络”的三重逻辑分析框架剖析其生成逻辑。通过A区共有产权住房政策发现,政策扩散异化呈现“形似神异”样态,表现为政策目的与属性扭曲、政策内容设计漏洞、政策结果负面化以及政策不可纠偏四个特征。研究认为,以政策主导者为核心的政策网络是关键逻辑,其将效率和合法性逻辑连接起来,在三重逻辑的交织中触发了政策扩散异化。考察政策扩散异化现象是对已有政策扩散理论的一个补充完善,同时也有助于引导政策正向扩散、加快国家治理现代化建设进程。

Most of the existing studies focus on "positive improvement" in policy diffusion. However, the negative diffusion phenomenon in practice is ignored. This paper aims to break through previous research and focus on negative policy diffusion. This study puts forward the concept of "policy diffusion alienation", which summarizes the negative phenomena such as deviation and variation in policy diffusion. And the paper builds a triple logical analysis framework of "legitimacy-efficiency-policy network" to analyze the generating logic of policy diffusion alienation. Through the common property housing policy in A district, it is found that policy diffusion alienation is manifested as "same form different value orientation", which is characterized by distorted policy objectives and attributes, loopy policy design, negative policy results and irreparable policy. The research holds that the policy network with the policy leader as the core is the key logic, which links the efficiency and legitimacy logic. And policy diffusion alienation is triggered in the interweaving of three logics. The discussion on policy diffusion alienation has an obvious Chinese context, so the explanatory power and universality of the conclusions need to be further verified and expanded. However, this paper focuses on the negative diffusion phenomenon, puts forward a new concept of "policy diffusion alienation", and constructs an extended analytical framework, which is a complement to the existing policy diffusion theory. Meanwhile this study provides more systematic evidence for a comprehensive understanding of policy diffusion, and also helps guide the positive policy diffusion and accelerate the modernization of national governance.