长江经济带环境治理组合政策效果评估

Effect Evaluation of the Combined Policies of Environmental Governance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

随着我国环境整治进入“深水区”,环境治理政策组合势必成为未来一个阶段我国环境治理的主要路径。本文聚焦长江经济带环境治理政策组合绩效评估问题,分别阐释了单一环境治理政策与组合环境治理政策对环境污染的影响机理,实证评估、比较单一政策和组合政策对长江经济带环境污染的影响,寻找最优政策组合。研究发现,相较于单一环境治理政策而言,环保立法、生态补偿和环保约谈相结合的环境治理政策组合减排效果更好;异质性分析结果表明,环境治理政策组合对长江经济带上中下游地区的影响效应存在异质性;基于环境治理政策组合绩效评估研究,从动力机制、补偿机制和监督机制等维度构建长江经济带环境治理政策组合的优化路径,提出应着力构建差异化的环境治理政策组合建议,进而提高环境治理绩效,为长江经济带乃至全国环境政策制定提供理论支撑。

Environmental governance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has achieved certain results. A number of environmental governance reforms are at the forefront of the country, such as the implementation of the "River Chief System" and the promotion of the "Xin’anjiang Model". However, environmental governance is a systematic project. As China further promotes environmental governance Work, the combination of environmental governance policies is bound to become the main path for China’s environmental governance in a future stage. The article focuses on the performance evaluation of the environmental governance policy combination in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, separately explains the impact mechanism of a single environmental governance policy and a combined environmental governance policy on environmental pollution, puts forward corresponding assumptions, and builds a mathematical model. On this basis, the article uses the panel data of 108 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2003 to 2019 as a sample, and uses the double-difference method and the triple-difference method to empirically study the impact of single and combined policies on environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The article evaluates the implementation effect of the combination of policies and finds the optimal combination of environmental policies. The study found that compared with a single environmental governance policy, a combination of environmental protection legislation, ecological compensation, and environmental interviews has a better emission reduction effect. There is heterogeneity in the effect of environmental governance policy combination on the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Based on the research on the performance evaluation of environmental governance policy portfolio, the optimization path of the environmental governance policy portfolio in the Yangtze River Economic Zone is constructed from the dimensions of motivation mechanism, compensation mechanism and supervision mechanism. The article also proposes that efforts should be made to build a differentiated environmental governance policy portfolio to improve environmental governance performance and provide theoretical support for the development of environmental policies in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and even the whole country.