官员特征、更替压力对再教育经历获取的影响

The Influence of Official Characteristics and Replacement Pressure on the Acquisition of Reeducation Experience

我国发展进入新时代,经济社会发展日益复杂,这对党和政府的治理能力、治理模式、治理效率都提出了更高的要求,也对各级政府官员执政能力形成巨大考验。改革开放后一系列中央文件、会议精神提出领导干部要不断强化学习,要提升干部的领导能力专业化水平。目前研究多聚焦于官员学历对晋升选拔的作用,本文则从官员再教育学习的内生机制入手,对官员再教育经历获取的驱动因素及作用逻辑展开系统分析。本研究基于政治精英选拔理论与官员晋升锦标赛理论,由理论分析和实证分析两个层面对官员特征、更替压力与再教育经历之间的关系展开研究。本研究通过对我国281个地级及以上城市的市长信息数据的手工收集整理构建面板数据模型,并进一步通过空间计量模型对官员特征、更替压力对再教育经历获取的空间关联效应展开分析。研究发现:第一,官员的年龄与其再教育经历之间呈现负向关系,年轻官员更倾向于再教育经历的获取;第二,官员在外部更替压力较弱时会倾向于通过再教育获取的方式提升自身竞争力;第三,地区更替压力趋同、其他城市市长具备再教育经历优势时,官员也会倾向于在任期内积极获取再教育经历。

As China’s development enters a new era,economic and social development have become increasingly complex,and higher requirements have been placed on the governance capacity,governance model,and governance efficiency of the party and the government,thus presenting a huge test for the governance capabilities of government officials at all levels after the reform and opening up,a series of central government documents proposed that leading cadres should continuously strengthen their learning and improve their professional leadership abilities.At present,there is a lack of research on local officials from the perspective of re-education experience,and there is also a lack of research on the endogenous mechanisms for the officials’ re-education learning.The driving factors and functional logic of the officials’ ability to improve their personal abilities through re-education experiences have not been identified.Based on political elite selection theory and official promotion tournament theory,this research focuses on theoretical and empirical analyses of the relationship among the officials’ characteristics,replacement pressures,and re-education experiences.At an empirical level,a panel data model is constructed by manually collecting and sorting out information on mayors in 281 cities at the prefectural level and above,and through a spatial econometric model,the spatial correlation effects of the officials’ characteristics,their replacement pressures,and the acquisition of re-education experiences are analyzed.This study finds that:First,there is a negative relationship between the age of the officials and their re-education experiences,with younger officials being more inclined to acquire re-education experience.Second,when external pressures for replacement are weak,officials tend to improve their competitiveness through re-education experiences.Third,when regional replacement pressures converge and other city mayors have the advantage of re-education experience,then officials will tend to actively seek re-education experiences during their terms of office.