船用柴油机电控高压共轨燃油喷射系统研究

Research onElectronically Controlled High Pressure Common Rail Fuel Injection System for Marine Diesel Engine

为满足内河船舶发动机日益严格的排放标准,对某型高速柴油发动机配置电控高压共轨燃油喷射系统,完成共轨燃油喷射系统的关键零部件设计等基础设计工作,并通过优化油束碰撞位置等进行燃烧室优化设计,以实现柴油机的NOx和颗粒物(PM)排放指标的折中优化。借助AVL-Fire软件对发动机缸内燃烧过程、NOx排放和碳烟(Soot)排放的生成以及相关喷油策略进行仿真计算,验证优化设计的缩口-ω型燃烧室匹配6孔喷油器对燃油与空气的充分混合、改进燃油雾化和蒸发的影响,进而明确了发动机宜采取推迟喷油和较长的喷油持续期。上述经验为发动机排放标定试验提供了有益的参考。台架排放和耐久劣化试验相关研究结果表明,在有效寿命期内,配置电控高压共轨燃油喷射系统的该高速柴油发动机,其性能可达到中国内河船舶发动机第二阶段排放标准。

In order to meet the increasingly stringent emission standards for inland ship engines,a certain type of high-speed diesel engine is equipped with an electronically controlled high-pressure common rail fuel injection system,the basic design work such as the design of key components of the common rail fuel injection system is completed,and the combustion chamber is optimized by optimizing the fuel beam collision position,so as to achieve a compromise between NOx and PM emissions of the diesel engine.With the help of AVL-Fire software,the in cylinder combustion process of the engine,the generation of NOx and soot emissions,and the relevant fuel injection strategies are simulated and calculated to verify the effect of the optimizedω-shaped necking combustion chamber with 6-hole injector on the full mixing of fuel and air and the improvement of fuel atomization and evaporation,the improvement of fuel atomization and evaporation,and thus it is clear that the engine should adopt delayed injection and longer injection duration.The above experience provides a useful reference for engine emission calibration test.The relevant research results of bench emission and durability degradation test show that within the effective life,the performance of the high-speed diesel engine equipped with electronically controlled high-pressure common rail fuel injection system can meet the second stage emission standard of China inland ship engine and achieve the development goal.