电商平台中知识产权恶意投诉的法律规制

Study on the Legal Regulations of Malicious Complaints on Intellectual Property Rights(IPR) in E-commerce Platforms

目前,中国电商平台中出现的以不正当竞争为目的,借用知产维权进行恶意投诉的民事侵权行为,和以恶意投诉为手段进行“网络碰瓷”等投机取巧的刑事犯罪行为,给电商平台的运营环境和治理机制带来了极大的破坏。针对此种恶意投诉行为,本文提出可采取以下解决措施:民事侵权方面,主要厘清恶意投诉的认定要件体系以及利用恶意投诉进行不正当竞争行为的认定标准;刑事犯罪方面,重点分析利用恶意投诉进行“网络碰瓷”行为的表现形式和可能触及到的罪名,以遏制恶意投诉行为的发生,减少不正当竞争等民事侵权行为和“网络碰瓷”等刑事犯罪现象的出现,为我国电商平台的高质量发展提供保障。

At present,the civil torts of malicious complaints by using IPR for the purpose of unfair competition,and opportunistic criminal act such as“online extortion”by means of malicious complaints have greatly hindered the operating environment and posed a risk to the governance of e-commerce platforms in China.In response to such malicious complaints,the following solutions are pointed out:in terms of civil torts,the focus is on clarifying the system of identifying elements of malicious complaints and the criteria of using malicious complaints to conduct unfair competition;In terms of criminal offenses,focusing on the analysis of the manifestation of“online extortion”by means of malicious complaints and the crimes that may be involved,in order to curb the malicious complaints,discourage civil torts such as unfair competition,“online extortion”and other criminal crimes,and promote the high-quality development of e-commerce platforms in China.