中国住房体系的代际和户籍分层及影响机制——基于CHFS2017数据的实证分析

Intergenerational and Hukou Based Housing Stratification in China and Its Mechanism: Empirical Analysis Based on CHFS2017 Data

在市场、再分配对住房的干预之前,基于人均住房面积的我国住房分层主要在非青年与青年之间展开;在干预之后,则主要在本地外来、非青年与青年之间依次展开。最终形成了一个本地非青年(上)、本地青年和外地非青年(中)、外地青年(下)的分类结构,最大面积差距达十平方米左右。其主要引致因素是再分配而非市场。福利分房、保障房和规划安置房等价格显著低于市场的住房再分配形式扮演了推动群体内均等化、群体间不平等的双重角色,强化了户籍之间以及代际的住房分层。

Prior to market and redistributive interventions,the housing stratification in China,based on per capita building area,was mainly between non-youth and youth. After interventions,it was mainly between local and migrants and non-youth and youth,in order. The result is a categorical structure of local non-youth (top),local youth and non-local non-youth (middle),and non-local youth (bottom),with a maximum size gap of about ten square meters. Redistribution rather than the market is the main contributing factor of the housing atratification. Forms of housing redistribution that are significantly less expensive than the market,such as welfare housing allocation,guaranteed housing and planned resettlement housing,play the dual role of intra-group equalization and intergroup inequality,reinforcing housing stratification between different hukou identities and between generations.