矿井立井防爆盖泄压复位技术及动力学响应规律研究

Study on pressure relief and reset technology and dynamic response law of mine shaft explosion-proof covers

针对矿井防爆盖泄压后无法快速复位的问题,分析了防爆盖现场应用难题和影响因素。提出两种新型自动泄压复位防爆盖的设计方法,从结构和承压方面探讨其泄压复位原理,构建井筒结构与防爆盖的物理模型,利用ANSYS Fluent软件定量分析泄压复位过程中冲击波超压分布规律,在相同爆炸冲击波压力作用下对比分析了两种防爆盖开启速度、位移、角度以及不同位置的压力场分布。研究结果表明:在300 kPa的瓦斯爆炸冲击波压力作用下,蝶式铰链侧门型防爆盖泄压开启时间为0.046 s,通风机叶片处的最大动压为68.74 kPa,通过回风立井释放的最大动压142 kPa;而圆顶式滑槽泄压复位防爆盖达到最大运动高度3 m时需要0.08 s,风机叶片处的最大动压为103.26 kPa,通过回风立井释放的最大动压31.86 kPa。蝶式铰链侧门型防爆盖的爆炸动力学响应效果更佳,能够更好地保护风机叶片,可为矿井防爆盖设计及应用推广提供指导。

In order to solve the problem that the explosion-proof cover cannot be reset quickly after pressure relief,the field application problems and influencing factors of explosion-proof cover were analyzed.Two new design methods of automatic pressure relief and reset explosion-proof covers were proposed,and the pressure relief and reset principle was discussed from the aspects of structure and pressure bearing.The physical model of shaft structure and explosion-proof cover was constructed.The distribution law of shock wave overpressure in the process of pressure relief and reset was quantitatively analyzed by ANSYS Fluent software.Under the same explosion shock wave pressure,the opening velocity,displacement,angle and pressure field distribution of two kinds of explosion-proof covers were compared and analyzed.The results show that under the pressure of 300 kPa gas explosion shock wave,the relief opening time of the butterfly hinge side door type explosion-proof cover is 0.046 s;the maximum dynamic pressure at the fan blade is 68.74 kPa;and the maximum dynamic pressure released by the return air shaft is 142 kPa.However,it takes 0.08 s for the dome type chute pressure relief reset explosion-proof cover to reach the maximum movement height of 3 m;the maximum dynamic pressure at the fan blade is 103.26 kPa;and the maximum dynamic pressure released by the return air shaft is 31.86 kPa.The butterfly hinge side door type explosion-proof cover has better explosion dynamic response effect,which can better protect the fan blade and provide guidance for the design and application of mine explosion-proof covers.