福建极小种群植物白果蒲桃生境群落特征和物种多样性

Habitat Community Characteristics and Species Diversity of Syzygium album Minimal Population in Fujian Province

为探究白果蒲桃(Syzygium album Q.F.Zheng)生境群落特征及物种多样性,基于白果蒲桃生境群落样方调查数据,计算分析该群落植物区系、垂直结构和物种多样性。结果表明:(1)白果蒲桃生境群落有240种维管束植物(80科170属)。物种组成以茜草科(Rubiaceae)、禾本科(Poaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae)和大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)等为主,有42科仅含单属单种,占总科数量52.50%。(2)种子植物中热带成分共42科,占种子植物科数量的63.69%,热带成分属118个,占种子植物属数量的77.63%,热带分布均以泛热带分布为主,分别占种子植物科和属的49.25%、34.42%。说明该群落植物区系具明显热带性质。(3)群落中乔木层、灌木层和草本层重要值最高的分别为木荷(Schima superba)(12.96)、茜树(Aidia cochinchinensis)(12.25)和金毛狗(Cibotium barometz)(29.72)。对乔木层优势树种与白果蒲桃径级结构的分析表明,主要种群均表现为增长型。(4)群落不同层次的α多样性不同,物种多样性(H)由大到小为灌木层(H=3.248)、乔木层(H=3.004)、草本层(H=2.098);物种优势度(D)由大到小草本层(D=0.191)、乔木层(D=0.073)、灌木层(D=0.067);物种均匀度(E)由大到小乔木层(E=0.789)、灌木层(E=0.775)、草本层(E=0.757)。白果蒲桃生境群落物种组成丰富、更新状况良好,为白果蒲桃种群生存繁衍提供了良好的生境条件。

To explore the habitat community characteristics and species diversity of Syzygium album Q.F.Zheng,with the quadrat survey data of the habitat community of S.album,the flora,vertical structure and species diversity of the community were calculated and analyzed.There are 240 vascular plants(80 families,170 genera)in the investigation area.The species composition is mainly Rubiaceae,Poaceae,Lauraceae,Rosaceae and Euphorbiaceae,and 42 families only contain single genus and species,accounting for 52.50%.There are 42 families of tropical elements in seed plants,accounting for 63.69%of the total families of seed plants.There are 118 tropical genera,accounting for 77.63%of the total genera of seed plants.The tropical distribution was dominated by pan tropics,49.25%and 34.42%in families and genera of seed plants,respectively.The flora of the community has obvious tropical characteristics,which reflects the characteristics of the region in the south subtropical zone.In S.album community,the most important values of tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer were Schima superba(12.96%),Aidia cochinchinensis(12.25%),Cibotium barometz(29.72%).The comparative analysis of HDB structure and height structure between dominant tree species in tree layer and S.album.In the community,major populations showed growth type.By calculating the alpha diversity of S.album habitat community,the species diversity index(H)in the descending order of shrub layer(H=3.248),arbor layer(H=3.004)and herb layer(H=2.098),species dominance(D)in the descending order of herb layer(D=0.191),arbor layer(D=0.073)and shrub layer(D=0.067),and species evenness index(E)in the descending order of arbor layer(E=0.789),shrub layer(E=0.775)and herb layer(E=0.757).The habitat community of S.album has rich species composition and good regeneration status,and it provides a good habitat condition for the survival and reproduction of the population.