复合材料柔性导向三维织造过程纤维损伤预测及工艺优化

Fiber Damage Prediction and Optimization of Manufacturing Composites through Flexible Oriented 3D Woven Process

针对复合材料预制体柔性导向三维织造技术,为探究织造角度、入针张力和织造速度对织造后纤维起毛量、拉伸强度的影响规律,设计正交试验,通过大律法对织造后纤维宏观形貌进行二值化处理,表征了织造后纤维起毛量,通过纤维拉伸强度表征了织造后纤维损伤度,结果表明起毛量随织造角度增加而降低,随入针张力及织造速度的增加而增加,拉伸强度与起毛量有相反的变化趋势。基于纤维起毛量与拉伸强度的负相关关系,设计Box-Bennken Design响应面试验对纤维拉伸强度进行单目标优化,建立相应纤维损伤度数学模型并验证了模型的可靠性,进而优化了工艺参数并进行了试验验证。试验结果表明优化后的纤维损伤度的理论值与实际值仅相差1.08%,优化后的纤维损伤度低至9.97%,能够满足复合材料三维预制体的高成形质量需求。

The orthogonal test was designed for the flexible oriented three-dimensional woven to investigate the effect of weaving angle,tension and velocity on the fuzz mass and tensile strength.Fuzz mass was characterized by binarization of the macroscopic morphology of fiber by Otsu method,the degree of fiber damage after weaving was characterized by fiber tensile strength.The results show that fuzz mass decrease with the increase of weaving angle,increase with the increase of tension and velocity,and the tensile strength has an opposite trend with fuzz mass.Based on the negative correlation between fuzz mass and tensile strength,the BBD response surface optimization test was designed to single objective optimization,the mathematical model of the corresponding fiber damage degree was established and the reliability of the model was verified,the process parameters were optimized and experimentally verified.The results show that the difference between the predicted value and the actual value of the mathematical model is only 1.08%,and the optimized fiber damage degree reaches 9.97%,which can meet the demand of 3D composite preform forming.