基于3D打印的混杂连续纤维增强复合材料结构设计及性能

Structural Design and Properties of Hybrid Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites Based on 3D Printing

为解决3D打印连续纤维增强复合材料强而不韧,以及传统混杂纤维增强复合材料成型工艺复杂的问题,提出了一种新型混杂连续纤维增强热固性复合材料3D打印工艺,在此基础上制备具有不同混杂比例和铺层顺序的碳纤维/芳纶混杂增强复合材料,并对其进行了拉伸、弯曲及冲击性能表征。试验结果表明:随着芳纶体积含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸及弯曲性能逐渐下降,冲击强度先增加后降低,且在75%时有较大值170.47 kJ/m^(2);铺层顺序对拉伸和弯曲性能的影响较小,对冲击性能的影响较大,其中芳纶为外层的铺层顺序更优,较碳纤维在外层的冲击强度提高了54.77%;从强度和韧性方面考虑,碳纤维/芳纶体积混杂比为1∶1的时候最优,其冲击强度较纯碳纤维复合材料提高了83.97%,大幅度提高了纤维增强复合材料的抗冲击性能,为实现高强高韧复合材料的低成本快速个性化制造提供了有效途径。

In order to solve the problem that 3D printing continuous fiber reinforced composites are strong but not tough,and the molding process of traditional hybrid fiber reinforced composites is too complex,a new 3D printing process for hybrid fiber reinforced composites was proposed.Carbon/aramid fiber hybrid reinforced composites with different hybrid ratio and stacking sequence were prepared,and their tensile,bending and impact properties were tested.The test results show that as volume content of aramid fiber increase,the tensile and bending properties of the composites decrease gradually,impact strength first increase and then decrease,and it has a larger value 170.47 kJ/m^(2)at 75%(aramid).The stacking sequence has little effect on the tensile and bending properties and has great effect on impact toughness.Generally,stacking the aramid fiber in the outer layer can enhance the toughness compared with carbon fiber in the outer layer,its impact toughness is increased by 54.77%.Considering the three aspects of tensile,bending and impact performance,the impact toughness of hybrid fiber reinforced composites with carbon/aramid volume hybrid ratio 1∶1 is significantly increased by 83.97%compared with the pure carbon fiber reinforced composites.The presented work provides an effective way to realize low-cost and rapid personalized manufacturing of high-strength and high-toughness composites.