离子液体反应体系的氢键作用

Hydrogen bonding on ionic liquid reaction systems

离子液体是由有机阳离子和无机/有机阴离子组成的一类低温熔融盐,具有高度的功能可设计性.氢键作用广泛存在于离子液体体系中,由于静电作用影响,其作用远强于分子体系的氢键作用,因此在化学反应中显示出独特的性能.氢键作用一方面可催化化学反应,实现一系列无金属催化的绿色反应路线;另一方面,可调控反应选择性,高收率地获得单一化学品.本文总结了近年来关于离子液体体系的氢键作用研究成果,及其催化和调控化学反应的研究进展,并对发展前景进行了展望.

Ionic liquids are a kind of low-temperature molten salts composed of organic cations and inorganic/organic anions,with excellent functional designability.Hydrogen bonding exists widely in ionic liquid systems,and shows unique features due to the influence of electrostatic interaction.Therefore,the ionic liquids that can form hydrogen bond have been widely applied in chemical reactions.On the one hand,they can catalyze chemical reactions via hydrogen bonding,affording a series of green reaction routes to chemicals under metal-free conditions;on the other hand,they can regulate the reaction selectivity to produce the desired chemical in high yields.This article summarizes the advances on hydrogen bonding in ionic liquid reaction systems and its applications in chemical reactions in recent years.The development prospect is also discussed.