经鼻脑给药途径治疗胶质母细胞瘤研究进展

Research progress in the treatment of glioblastoma by nose-to-brain delivery

胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤,其特征是肿瘤快速生长及侵袭周围组织。目前治疗GBM的标准方法包括手术切除、放射疗法和化学药物疗法,由于血脑屏障(BBB)会限制多种抗癌药物进入脑内,因此迫切需要新的给药途径以提高治疗效果。目前,鼻脑给药途径作为一种非侵入性替代途径,能够绕过BBB治疗中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病,并减少全身性不良反应。新近开发的多种新型制剂主要通过纳米结构的药物递送系统来进一步增强鼻脑转运。本文就鼻脑给药途径联合不同抗癌药物或方式在GBM临床治疗中的应用研究进展进行综述。

Glioblastoma(GBM)is a most common primary malignant brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and invasion of surrounding tissues.At present,the standard methods for treatment of GBM include surgical resection,radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Because the existence of blood-brain barrier(BBB)restricts the delivery of anti-cancer drugs into the brain,novel drug deliver approaches are urgently needed to improve the therapeutic effect of GBM.As a non-invasive alternative route for directly targeting the central nervous system(CNS)disease,nose-to-brain delivery could bypass the BBB and reduce the systemic side effects.Recently,several formulations have been developed for further enhancing nose-to-brain transport,mainly with the use of nanostructured drug delivery systems.The application of nose-to-brain delivery combined with different anticancer drugs or methods in clinical treatment of GBM have been reviewed in present paper.