中国建设性介入阿富汗重建的挑战与路径

Challenges and Paths to China’s “Constructive Involvement” in Afghanistan Reconstruction

随着塔利班取得阿富汗政权,其国内局势迈向新阶段。阿富汗局势稳定对中国边疆安全和“一带一路”建设在中亚、南亚地区的平稳推进有重要意义。参与阿富汗重建,有助于稳定阿富汗局势和地区政治经济环境,维护中国的周边安全,展现负责任的大国形象。“建设性介入”是十八大以来中国处理地区与周边热点问题的重要创新,从该视角出发对中国参与阿富汗重建进行研究,兼具理论与现实意义。阿富汗国内的政治矛盾尖锐、部族冲突频繁、经济基础羸弱,大国之间的战略博弈激烈,对中国参与阿富汗重建提出了挑战。鉴于此,中国应从三方面入手:顺应国际共识,推动阿富汗问题政治解决;依托集体安全,弥补阿富汗安全漏洞;倡导标本兼治,提升阿富汗自主发展能力。

With the Taliban taking power in Afghanistan, the situation in the country has entered a new phase. The stability of Afghanistan is of great significance to China’s border security and the steady progress of the Belt and Road Initiative in Central and South Asia. China’s participation in the reconstruction of Afghanistan will help stabilize the situation in Afghanistan and the political and economic environment in the region, safeguard the security of its neighbors and show China’s image as a responsible major country. “Constructive involvement” is an important innovation in China’s handling of regional and neighboring hot issues since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. It is of both theoretical and practical significance to study China’s participation in Afghanistan reconstruction from this perspective. The sharp political contradictions, frequent tribal conflicts, weak economic foundation and fierce strategic game among major countries in Afghanistan pose challenges to China’s participation in the reconstruction of Afghanistan. In view of this, China should proceed from three aspects: follow the international consensus and promote the political settlement of the Afghan issue;rely on collective security to fill the security gaps in Afghanistan;and advocate the approach of addressing both symptoms and root causes and enhance Afghanistan’s capacity for independent development.