科技引领乡村振兴的顶层设计、路径措施与典型模式

Top Level Design,Path Measures and Typical Models of Rural Revitalization Led by Science and Technology

科技创新是推进农业农村现代化的重要力量,是实现乡村振兴的保证,农业科技自立自强在新发展阶段具有重要意义。文章从实现农业科技自立自强、强化农业国家战略科技力量和进一步完善农业科技型举国体制等方面提出了实现乡村振兴要素驱动向创新驱动转变的顶层设计,从加大农业科技投入力度、提高农业科技供给能力、提高农业科技成果转化效率、提高农业技术推广水平等方面提出了以科技推进乡村振兴战略实施的路径措施,并总结了我国当前运行效果显著且对乡村振兴有重要推进作用的“科技小院”“农村科技特派员”“公费农科生”等实践模式,以期为未来乡村振兴战略的具体落实提供参考。

Science and technology innovation is the main driving force of agricultural and rural modernization and the guarantee of realizing the Rural Revitalization Strategy.The significance of agricultural science and technology self-reliance and self-improvement in the new development stage is becoming more and more obvious.In order to realize the top design of transformation of agricultural production from traditional factor driven to innovation driven,agricultural science and technology should be self-reliance and self-improving,strategic national system of agricultural science and technology should be strengthened,and the mechanism of the country as a whole should be further improved.Paths of carrying out the rural revitalization by science and technology were put forward from strengthen the investment in agricultural science and technology,boost agricultural science supply,improve the efficiency of achievement transformation,raise the level of agricultural technology extension.In addition,several practical modes in China were also summarized in the paper,such as"science and technology country yard","rural science and technology commissioner"and"publicly funded agricultural students",which have significant operation effect and play an important role in promoting rural revitalization.This will provide reference for the specific implementation of rural revitalization strategy in the future.