湖南省红色村落空间分布格局及公路可达性研究

Study on the Spatial Distribution Pattern and Highway Accessibility of Red Villages in Hunan Province

基于“红色村落”概念内涵界定,以湖南省262个乡村红色旅游景区(点)为数据样本,综合运用数理建模和GIS空间分析方法,定量刻画了全省红色村落空间分布格局及可达性特征。结果表明:(1)全省红色村落呈集聚型分布状态,不同空间板块或行政单元红色村落分布非均衡性特征突出,集聚强度具有随尺度距离增加而不断弱化的“空间衰减”规律;(2)红色村落整体呈“大分散、小集聚”分布格局,全省存在三大高密度集聚区以及多个红色村落跨界连绵集群组团,长征沿线、湘鄂赣及湘粤赣边区等形成多个“中低密度”集聚片区;(3)红色村落通行时间平均值为221.58 min,标准差为42.75,可达性整体状况不理想,且内部差异显著,可达性水平稳健性欠佳,不同可达时段内红色村落数理分布近似于呈“金字塔”状结构;(4)红色村落可达性空间分布呈现“中心-外围”结构特征,省际边缘区形成多个交通可达性低谷,与其核密度格局存在“空间错位性”,且具有沿交通干线分布的指向特征。最后,提出了优化红色村落可达性格局、驱动交通区位重构和推进红色旅游开发的对策建议。

Based on the definition of “Red Village”,this paper takes 262 rural red tourist attractions as data samples in Hunan province,using mathematical modeling and GIS spatial analysis methods to quantitatively describe the spatial distribution pattern and accessibility characteristics of red villages.The results show that:(1) The red villages in Hunan are in the state of agglomeration distribution,the unbalance of red villages distribution in different regional spaces or administrative units is prominent,and the agglomeration intensity constantly decreases with the increase of scale distance;(2)The red villages show a distribution pattern of “large dispersion and small agglomeration”,and there are three high-density agglomeration areas as well as a number of transboundary continuous clusters of red villages.Along the long march route and in the border area of Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi and Hunan-Guangdong-Jiangxi,many “medium and low density” agglomeration areas are formed;(3)The average transit time of red villages is 221.58 min,the standard deviation is 42.75,the overall accessibility is not ideal and internal difference is significant,the robustness of the accessibility level is poor,the mathematical distribution of red villages in different accessible periods approximately presents the “pyramid” structure;(4) The spatial distribution of accessibility of red villages shows the “center-periphery” structure,several traffic accessibility valleys are formed in the provincial marginal areas and having “spatial dislocation” with its kernel density pattern,and showing obvious traffic directivity characteristics.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions to optimize the accessibility pattern of red villages,drive the reconstruction of traffic location and promote the development of red tourism.