基于炭黑和磁铁改进硫酸亚铁铵的制备实验及综合利用

Improvement of the Preparation of Ammonium Ferrous Sulfate Based on Carbon Black and a Magnet

介绍了一个硫酸亚铁铵制备的改进实验。在该方法中,通过往铁屑与稀硫酸的反应中加入炭黑构成原电池,将原来与稀硫酸的反应时间由1 h时间缩短为20 min。常压过滤前使用磁铁预处理,仅需8 min完成常压过滤得到硫酸亚铁溶液。通过实验的改进,解决原实验中耗时长、实验效率低的问题。并且加入的碳黑回收后能够迅速去除有机污染物,扩充了该改进实验的综合利用价值。学生通过该实验,能理解制备复盐的原理,以及原电池在工程生产中提高反应速率的作用,也能认识到工程设计中“价值最大化”,增强工程意识。

An improved experiment for the preparation of ferrous ammonium sulfate has been introduced.In this method,carbon black was added during the reaction between iron filings and dilute sulfuric acid to form galvanic cells,in which the original reaction time was reduced from 1 h to 20 min.Upon pretreatment with a magnetic prior to atmospheric filtration,it only took 8 min to finish the filtration step to obtain the ferrous sulfate solution.By changing the experimental procedure,the time-consuming and inefficient original experiment was improved.The addition of carbon black quickly removed any organic pollutants after recycling,which expanded the comprehensive utilization value of the improved experiment.Through this experiment,students can understand the principle of preparing double salts,the role of primary batteries in improving the reaction rate in engineering,and the“maximization of value”in engineering design as well as enhance their perception of engineering.