无创产前DNA检测与传统产前诊断在产前诊断中的应用效果比较

Comparative Effect of Noninvasive Prenatal DNA Detection and Traditional Prenatal Diagnosis in Prenatal Diagnosis

目的对比无创产前DNA检测(NIPT)与传统产前诊断用于产前筛查中的效果。方法选择2017年9月至2018年8月在我院行产前筛查的60例孕妇,分为甲、乙两组,每组30例,分别接受传统产前诊断、NIPT,比较两组阳性检出情况,分析高风险孕妇的羊水细胞核型,并对研究对象进行电话随访直至分娩。结果乙组中产前筛查高危因素孕妇占93.33%,高于甲组的70.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);甲组阳性检出率较高于乙组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在检测结果准确度、并发症发生率方面,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在干预方法选择及阳性检出率方面,NIPT、传统产前诊断2种方法均有一定差异性。无创检测无须进行侵入性操作,孕妇群体接受度偏高,具备快速、准确及无创的特点,能够作为首选筛查方法。

Objective To compare the effect of noninvasive prenatal DNA test(NIPT)and traditional prenatal diagnosis in prenatal screening.Methods A total of 60 pregnant women who underwent prenatal screening in our hospital from September 2017 to August 2018 were divided into two groups,30 cases in each group,who received traditional prenatal diagnosis and NIPT respectively,and compared the positive detection of the two groups.The karyotypes of amniotic fluid cells in high-risk pregnant women were analyzed,and the subjects were followed up by telephone until delivery.Results In group B,93.33% of pregnant women with high risk factors were screened before middle class,which was higher than 70.00% in group A,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the positive detection rate in group A was higher than that in group B,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the accuracy rate of test results and the incidence of complications between groups(P>0.05).Conclusion In the choice of intervention means and positive detection rate,there are some differences between the two methods of NIPT and traditional prenatal diagnosis.Non-invasive detection does not require invasive operations,and is highly accepted by pregnant women.It has the characteristics of rapidity,accuracy and non-invasiveness,and can be used as the preferred screening method.