通州区妇女高危型HPV感染率及相关因素分析

Analysis of infection rate and related factors of high⁃risk HPV among women in Tong⁃zhou district

目的分析北京市通州区高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染率及相关危险因素。方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月期间在北京市通州区妇幼保健院行宫颈癌前病变检查的志愿者5974例,通过问卷调查、HPV检测和液基细胞学检查(TCT),分析高危型HPV的感染率、感染亚型,以及相关危险因素。结果通州区妇女人群高危型HPV的感染率为27.75%,主要基因型别为HPV16、18、31、33、39、58型。经TCT检查发现,感染高危型HPV者,宫颈病变的发生率高于未感染高危型HPV者。年龄≤35岁、初中及以下教育程度、家庭收入<3000元/月、长期食辛辣食物、有吸烟饮酒史、性伴侣数量≥2个、未使用避孕措施、有宫颈手术史、阴道感染史,以及性伴侣生殖器感染史的人群,感染高危型HPV的概率高于未存在这些情况者,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄≤35岁、初中及以下受教育程度以及有阴道感染史是感染高危型HPV的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论北京市通州区妇女人群中年龄≤35岁、初中及以下受教育程度以及有阴道感染史者更易感染高危型HPV,在宫颈癌筛查中应引起重视。

Objective To analyze the infection rate and related risk factors of high⁃risk human papillomavirus(HPV)in Tongzhou District,Beijing.Methods 5974 volunteers with cervical lesions screen⁃ing were selected from January 2017 to December 2018 in Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing,and surveyed with questionnaire,HPV examination and thinprep cytology test(TCT).The infection rate,subtype distribution and risk factors of high⁃risk HPV infection were analyzed.Results The infection rate of high⁃risk HPV among women in Tongzhou District was 27.75%,and the main genotypes were HPV16,18,31,33,39,and 58.The possibility of cervical lesions in high⁃risk HPV positive patients is much higher than that in high⁃risk HPV negative patients by TCT.People with age≤35 years old,education level of junior middle school and below,family income<3000 yua/month,long⁃term consumption of spicy food,history of smoking and drinking,number of sexual partners≥2,non use of contraceptives,history of cervical surgery,vaginal infection,and genital infection of sexual partners were more likely to be infected with high⁃risk HPV than those without these conditions.There were significant differences between them(P<0.05).Multivariate lo⁃gistic regression analysis showed that age≤35 years old,education level in junior middle school and below and a history of vaginal infection were independent risk factors for high⁃risk HPV infection(P<0.05).Conclu⁃sion Among women in Tongzhou District,Beijing,those aged≤35 years old,educated in junior middle school or below and with a history of vaginal infection are more likely to be infected with high⁃risk HPV,and attention should be paid to cervical cancer screening.