围填海对渤海湾水动力环境的影响

Influences of Land Reclamation on Hydrodynamic Environments in the Bohai Bay

基于FVCOM-SWAN双向耦合模型,对渤海湾围填前后潮流场和波浪场进行模拟,分析围填海对渤海湾水动力环境的影响.结果表明:围填海对围填海区附近海域水动力环境的影响较为显著,而对远离其海域的影响较小.在主要围填海区,大部分海域月均水位在高潮位时较围填前增加,低潮位时较围填前减小,而曹妃甸东北部三港池附近海域月均水位变化与其他海域相反.涨急、落急时,月均垂向平均流速在曹妃甸围填外边界附近原潮流流向改变较大的海域、天津南港工业区和黄骅港口门附近海域增加,在其他主要围填海区减小.对波浪场的影响局限在围填海域附近,月均有效波高和周期均减小.本文还比较了是否考虑波浪作用对潮流的影响.波流共同作用与不考虑波浪作用的情况相比,大部分沿岸海域水位减小,垂向平均流速和底部切应力增加.

In this article based on FVCOM-SWAN two-way coupling model,the tidal current and wave field before and after land reclamation in the Bohai Bay were simulated,and influences of land reclamation on hydrodynamic environments in the Bohai Bay were analyzed.Results showed that the land reclamation had a significant impact on the hydrodynamic environments near the reclamation area,but had little impact on those far away from it.In the main reclamation area,except that near the third harbor in the northeast of Caofeidian,the monthly-averaged highest and lowest water level increased and decreased separately compared with those before reclamation.The maximum monthly-averaged and depth-averaged velocity during flood and ebb tide increased for the waters near the boundary of Caofeidian reclamation where the original tidal current direction changed greatly,and the waters near Tianjin Nangang Industrial Zone and Huanghua Port gate,while decreased for other main reclamation areas.The impact on the wave field made the monthly-averaged significant wave height and mean period near the reclamation area decreased.The influences of wave on tidal current were also investigated.The water level decreased,while the depth-averaged velocity and bottom shear stress increased in most coastal areas.