TRPV通道诱导的Ca^(2+)信号在破骨细胞分化和骨吸收中的作用研究进展

Research progress in the role of TRPV channel-induced Ca^(2+) signal in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption

破骨细胞是一类多核巨细胞,在人体的骨量动态平衡中起骨吸收的作用,过度的骨吸收常导致骨质疏松症和其他以骨量减少为特征的疾病。Ca^(2+)代谢在破骨细胞的分化、迁移、融合以及发挥骨吸收功能中均具有重要的第二信使的作用。瞬时受体电位香草酸(transient receptor potential vanilloid,TRPV)离子通道在多种细胞中表达,其中包括破骨细胞。目前研究发现TRPV离子通道可以通过增加细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度和钙振荡参与破骨细胞的生成和骨吸收功能。通过对TRPV离子通道与Ca^(2+)浓度变化的关系以及对参与破骨细胞活动的潜在机制进行综述,为今后深入开展以破骨细胞活性异常增高为特征的疾病研究提供参考。

Osteoclast is a type of multinuclear giant cell,which plays a role in bone resorption in the homeostasis of bone mass.Excessive bone resorption leads to osteoporosis and other diseases characterized by decreased bone mass.Ca^(2+)metabolism plays an important role as a second messenger in the differentiation,migration,fusion and bone resorption of osteoclast.The transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)ion channel is expressed in a variety of cells,including osteoclast.Current studies have found that the TRPV ion channel can participate in the production and bone resorption function of osteoclast by increasing intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration and calcium oscillations.This article reviews the relationship between the TRPV ion channel and the changes of Ca^(2+)concentration and the potential mechanisms involved in osteoclast activity,so as to provide a reference for further research on diseases characterized by abnormally increased activation of osteoclast in the future.