纺织机耐磨白口铸铁走针圈非正常磨损分析

Abnormal Wear Analysis of Wear-resistant White Cast Iron Needle Ring for Loom

纺织机械配件在产品测试时,发现走针圈有未达到预期设计寿命的快速磨损现象,磨损位置位于走针圈上与针片的接触区域。选取1个严重磨损的走针圈和1个长期使用良好未磨损的走针圈,结合宏观观察、成分分析、硬度检测、微观金相、扫描电镜观察表面微观形貌,以及能谱分析等相关检测,对磨损原因进行分析。结果表明:走针圈的磨损从磨损机理上属于磨粒磨损类型;形成磨粒磨损的原因是碳化物呈大颗粒网状以及长条状聚集分布,马氏体中的二次碳化物颗粒数量偏少使得马氏体基体对共晶碳化物的包裹支撑能力降低,导致块状分布的共晶碳化物容易与马氏体基体剥落形成磨损磨粒,从而导致非正常磨损。

During the product testing of textile machinery parts, it was found that the needle ring had rapid wear at the contact position with the needle piece before it reached the expected design life. To find out the wear cause, a severely worn needle ring and an unworn needle ring after long time testing were analyzed. Macro observation, composition analysis, hardness testing, micro metallography, SEM observation and EDS analysis were carried out. It is found that the wear of the needle ring belongs to abrasive wear. The reason for the abrasive wear is that the carbides are distributed in a network of large particles and long strips, and the small number of secondary carbides in martensite reduces the inclusion and support ability of martensite matrix to eutectic carbides.As a result, the eutectic carbides distributed in blocks are easy to peel off from martensitic matrix to form abrasive particles, finally resulting in abnormal wear.