新冠肺炎疫情期间门诊发热患者心理应激状态及影响因素研究

Study on the Psychological Stress State and Its Influence Factors of Outpatients with Fever during the Epidemic Period of COVID-19

目的:调查及分析新冠肺炎疫情期间门诊发热患者心理应激状态及影响因素。方法:选取2020年1月-2021年6月中国科学院大学深圳医院(光明)门诊部收治的920例门诊发热患者,将其采用事件影响量表(IES-R)进行心理应激状态的评估,统计明显心理应激率。比较轻微心理应激和明显心理应激者的年龄、性别、文化程度、社会支持程度、居住地、居住形式、情绪状态、收入情况、职业状态、合并其他疾病、妊娠哺乳情况及医学背景情况,采用多因素logistic回归分析新冠肺炎疫情期间门诊发热患者心理应激状态的影响因素。结果:920例门诊发热患者中存在明显心理应激者为727例,占79.02%。轻微心理应激和明显心理应激者的居住地、居住形式及收入情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轻微心理应激和明显心理应激者的年龄、性别、文化程度、社会支持程度、情绪状态、职业状态、合并其他疾病、妊娠哺乳情况及医学背景情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄>60岁、女性、文化程度较低、社会支持程度较低、消极情绪较高、无业、合并其他疾病、妊娠哺乳者及无医学背景是新冠肺炎疫情期间门诊发热患者明显心理应激的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:新冠肺炎疫情期间门诊发热患者心理应激状态突出,年龄>60岁、女性、文化程度较低、社会支持程度较低、消极情绪较高、无业、合并其他疾病、妊娠哺乳者及无医学背景是其危险因素,可作为干预措施的参考依据。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the psychological stress state and its influence factors of outpatients with fever during the epidemic period of COVID-19.Method:A total of 920 outpatients with fever treated in University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guangming) from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected,and their psychological stress status was assessed by means of impact of event scale-revised (IES-R),and the rate of obvious psychological stress was calculated.The age,gender,education level,social support level,residence,residence form,emotional state,income,occupational status,combined with other diseases,pregnancy and lactation status and medical background of mild psychological stress and obvious psychological stress patients were compared.Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of psychological stress in outpatients with fever during the epidemic period of COVID-19.Result:A total of 727 (79.02%) of the 920 fever patients had obvious psychological stress.There were no significant differences in residence,residence form and income between mild psychological stress patients and obvious psychological stress patients (P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in age,gender,education level,social support level,emotional state,occupational status,combined with other diseases,pregnancy and lactation status and medical background between mild psychological stress patients and obvious psychological stress patients (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age > 60 years old,female,low education level,low social support level,high negative emotion,unemployment,combined with other diseases,pregnancy and lactation status,and no medical background were significant risk factors for psychological stress in outpatients with fever during the epidemic period of COVID-19 (P<0.05).Conclusion:The psychological stress state of outpatients with fever during the epidemic period of COVID-19 is prominent,and age >60 years old,female,low education level,low social support level,high negative emotion,unemployment,combined with other diseases,pregnancy and lactation status,and no medical background are the risk factors,so they can be as the reference basis for intervention measures.