IKAP理论指导的护理模式在中老年首发脑梗死患者中的应用价值

Application value of nursing model guided by the IKAP theory in middle-aged and elderly patients with first-episode cerebral infarction

目的探究信息―知识―信念―行为(IKAP)理论指导的护理模式对中老年首发脑梗死患者治疗依从性、生活质量的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年2月就诊于四川省科学城医院的115例中老年首发脑梗死患者的临床资料,根据护理方法的不同将纳入患者分为观察组(55例)和对照组(60例)。对照组患者采用常规护理模式,观察组患者采用IKAP理论指导的护理模式,比较2组患者的治疗依从性、神经功能和生活质量。结果观察组的治疗依从率为94.55%,优于对照组的80.00%(P<0.05)。2组在护理1个月、3个月及6个月后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均低于护理前(P均<0.05),且观察组均比同期对照组低(P均<0.05)。2组在护理6个月后的生活质量各维度(运动功能、躯体平衡、日常生活能力等)评分均高于护理前(P均<0.05),且观察组均比对照组高(P均<0.05)。结论IKAP护理模式可提高中老年首发脑梗死患者的治疗依从性,改善其神经功能和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effect of nursing model guided by information,knowledge,attitude,and practice(IKAP)theory on the treatment compliance and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly patients with first-episode cerebral infarction.Methods The clinical data of 115 middle-aged and elderly patients with first-episode cerebral infarction who were treated in Science City Hospital of Sichuan Province from January 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into an observation group(55 cases)and a control group(60 cases)by different nursing models.The control group adopted routine nursing model,and the observation group adopted the nursing model guided by the IKAP theory.The treatment compliance,neurological function,and quality of life of the two groups were compared.Results The treatment compliance rate of the observation group was 94.55%,which was better than 80.00%of the control group(P<0.05).The National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)scores after 1,3,and 6 months of nursing in both groups were lower than those before nursing(all P<0.05),and the observation group had lower scores than the control group(all P<0.05).After 6 months of nursing,the scores of each dimension of quality of life(motor function,body balance,activities of daily living,etc.)in both groups were higher than those before nursing(all P<0.05),and the observation group had higher scores than the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion The IKAP nursing model can improve the treatment compliance of middle-aged and elderly patients with first-episode cerebral infarction,and improve their neurological function and quality of life.