不同护理方案对糖尿病肾病患者行血液透析期间低血糖和医院感染发生率的影响

Effects of different nursing schemes on the incidences of hypoglycemia and nosocomial infection during hemodialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy

目的探讨不同护理方案对降低糖尿病肾病患者在行血液透析期间低血糖和医院感染发生率效果的影响。方法回顾性分析临沂市人民医院2018年11月至2019年12月期间收治的64例行血液透析患者的诊治资料,根据护理方法的不同分为观察组和对照组,各32例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予预见性护理干预。比较2组患者在护理后的低血糖发生率和临床症状,呼吸系统、血管通路和泌尿系统感染等医院感染发生率,以及皮肤损伤、留置针脱落、导管脱落等院内不良事件发生情况。结果观察组患者在护理后的低血糖发生率为1.35%,明显低于对照组的3.07%(P<0.05)。观察组患者的呼吸系统、血管通路、泌尿系统感染等医院感染总发生率为6.25%,明显低于对照组的31.25%(P<0.05)。观察组患者于血液透析期间出现皮肤损伤、留置针脱落、导管脱落的总发生率为6.25%,明显低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论与常规护理方案相比,预见性护理方案能更有效地减少糖尿病肾病患者在血液透析期间低血糖的发生率,降低其医院感染和护理不良事件的发生率,具有重要的临床推广和指导意义。

Objective To explore the effects of different nursing schemes on reducing the incidences of hypoglycemia and nosocomial infection during hemodialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods The clinical data of hemodialysis patients treated at Linyi People's Hospital from November 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into observation and control groups by different nursing schemes,with 32 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given predictive nursing intervention.The incidences of hypoglycemia and related clinical symptoms,the incidences of nosocomial infection such as respiratory tract,vascular access,and urinary tract infection,and the incidences of in-hospital adverse events such as skin lesions,indwelling needle slippage,and catheter slippage were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of hypoglycemia after nursing in the observation group was 1.35%,which was significantly lower than 3.07%in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidences of respiratory tract,vascular access,urinary tract infection,and other nosocomial infection in the observation group was 6.25%,which was significantly lower than 31.25%in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidences of skin lesions,indwelling needle slippage,and catheter slippage during hemodialysis in the observation group was 6.25%,which was significantly lower than 25.00%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the routine nursing scheme,predictive nursing scheme can more effectively reduce the incidences of hypoglycemia during hemodialysis and reduce the incidences of nosocomial infection and nursing adverse events in patients with diabetes nephropathy,which has important clinical promotion and guiding significance.