桶内微波干燥处理放射性废物技术的现状与展望

Development Status and Prospect of Microwave Drying Technology for Radioactive Waste Treatment in Drum

桶内微波干燥处理放射性废物技术是一种可实现放射性废物最小化处理的新兴方法,因其具有无可比拟的优势而成为核工业内的研究焦点。在通过文献调研介绍国内外各单位对该项技术的研究现状,总结出其优势,并指出存在的不足。通过调研国内外台架试验结果可知具该项技术有减容比高、蒸发速率快、能量利用率佳等优点,但仍然存在冷凝液无法达标排放等问题,缺乏长期运行、放射性废液试验报告等。大量实际应用试验亟待开展,工程应用标准体系亦应建立。

The technology of microwave drying for radioactive waste in drum is an emerging method which can minimize the treatment of radioactive waste. It has become the focus of research in the nuclear industry because of its incomparable advantages.This paper aims to introduce the current research status of this technology by various units at home and abroad,summarize its advantages and point out the existing shortcomings and the direction for the future research. Through the investigation of the test results at home and abroad,it is found that this technology has the advantages of high volume reduction ratio,fast evaporation rate and good energy utilization. However,there are still some problems such as the condensate cannot meet the discharge standards and lack of long-term operation and radioactive waste test reports. A large number of practical application tests should be carried out urgently,and the engineering application standard system should also be established.