单位互惠视角下三线企业建设初期的工农合作——以黔东南德胜厂为例

Industrial and Agricultural Cooperation in the Initial Stage of Third-Tier Enterprises from the Perspective of between-Unit Reciprocity: With A Factory in the Southeast of Guizhou as An Example

三线企业与其所在地社会之间以“工农结合”转向“厂社结合”的方式开展合作,对其初期建设至关重要。工农合作虽然含有“政治任务”的成分,但在具体实践中本质上是单位之间的互惠。这种单位间的横向资源流动,既有政治象征资源,也有实际物质资源。工农合作过程中固然也有“人情世故”的算计,但更注重“义利兼顾”。即使兼顾义利有难度,其“捐赠”或“索取”也是在一定限度内的,即以保证工农生产均能顺利进行为底线。

The cooperation between third-tier enterprises and their local society changes from“industrial and agricultural combination”to“factory and society combination”, and such change is crucial to their development in the initial stage. Although industrial and rural cooperation is tinged with political colors, in concrete practice it is essentially reciprocity between units. This horizontal flow of resources between units is both symbolic and physical. To be sure, industrial and agricultural cooperation contains nepotist considerations, but it puts more emphasis on“taking both righteousness and profit into account”. Even if it is difficult to give equal consideration to righteousness and profit, favouritism between danwei is controlled within a certain limit, that is, to ensure smooth production as the bottom line.