陶器尺寸标准化程度的量化分析:以偃师商城遗址的大口尊为例

Quantitative Analysis of Dimensional Standardization of Pottery:A Case Study of dakouzun from Yanshi Shangcheng

陶器的标准化程度是陶器考古学研究中的重要内容,通过对胎体配方、成型工艺、风格特征、外形尺寸等因素的标准化程度分析,可以为制陶手工业的生产效率、生产规模与生产专业化程度等内容的研究提供参考依据。其中,陶器尺寸标准化程度的量化分析是最基础也最易行的方法。本文通过介绍叙利亚雷兰遗址及偃师商城遗址的陶器标准化度量研究,重点讨论遗址内生产区与消费区的陶器在尺寸标准化程度上的差异,分析陶器样品的选择与分组方法对尺寸数据统计结果的影响。通过偃师商城遗址大口尊口径的统计分析发现,陶器的出土背景对尺寸变异系数值的影响极大,应以作坊区所生产的同类陶器作为分析对象,限定陶器样品的时间跨度及生产次数,注重同类陶器内部的类别划分,并在统计过程中合理使用各种校正方法尽量减少由于数据量过少、累积效应等因素带来的误差。

The standardization of pottery is a hot topic in ceramic archaeology.Standardization analysis of factors such as the biscuit formula,molding methods,style characteristics,shape,size and so on can provide quantitative evidence for the study of the efficiency,scale and specialization of pottery production.The quantitative analysis of dimensional standardization of pottery is the most basic and easiest method.In this paper,by introducing the standardization research of pottery at Tell Leilan site in Syria and Yanshi Shangcheng,the author focuses on the standardization differences of the pottery size in production and consumption areas within the site,and analyzes the influence of selection and grouping methods of pottery sample on the statistical results of size data.Through the statistical analysis of the caliber of dakouzun in Yanshi Shangcheng,it is found that the excavation background has a great influence on the coefficient of variation.Therefore,we should select the pottery samples of similar kind from the production area in the analysis,limiting their time span and production times,and pay attention to the grouping of similar potteries,the reasonable use of various correction methods in the statistical process to minimize the error caused by small data amount,cumulative effect and so on.