大理契约文书中女性社会经济史料的研究

A Study of Women’s Social and Economic Historical Materials in the Dali Documents

新发现的清代至民国时期大理文书中有诸多女性参与民间经济活动的场景记录。通过对相关内容的分析发现,女性在未出嫁时对部分父宗家产拥有继承权;在出嫁时可以获得陪嫁田产作为其私有可转让的产业;在出嫁后可以与丈夫共同处分家产;在丈夫去世后可以行使家产代管权;在子孙处分家产时可以行使尊长权;可以参与家族经济活动并承担具有担保意义的中人角色。这表明清代至民国时期大理地区女性享有一定的社会经济地位与权利。

In the newly discovered Dali documents from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China,there are many records of women participating in the civil economic activities.Through the analysis of related content,it was found that the unmarried woman could inherit part of their paternal family property as a dowry.At the time of marriage,the dowry property could be brought into the husband’s family as a private transferable property.After becoming a wife,she could jointly dispose of the family property with her husband.After the death of her husband,she could take the place of her husband to exercise the right of family property management,and has the right to know about the disposition of the family property of their descendants as the female elders.In addition,women also could also involve herself in family economic activities and assume the role of“intermediary”with the nature of guarantee.All of these show that women in Dali were granted certain social and economic status and rights from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China.