财政分权与社会性公共品供给水平——基于省会城市层面经验数据的实证分析

Fiscal Decentralization and the Level of Social Public Goods Supply——Empirical Analysis Based on Empirical Data at Provincial Capital Level

本文重新回到财政分权与公共品供给之间关系的经典问题上,并将研究关注点放在省以下市级政府层面,利用2010—2018年省会城市层面数据分析了城市内部收入划分变化对其社会性公共品供给水平的影响。结果显示:市级层面的财政分权显著提高了社会性公共品供给水平;分组研究表明,区域之间财政分权的效应存在一定差别,财政分权的社会性公共品增进效应在东部地区城市更为显著;分类研究表明,财政分权的增进效应在医疗和环保类公共品中十分显著,但在教育类公共品中不够显著;进一步分析中我们则发现,财政分权与社会性公共品供给水平之间的关系受到城市经济发展状况和财政压力的影响。

This paper returns to the classic problem of the relationship between fiscal decentralization and public goods supply,focuses on the level of municipal governments below the provincial level,and analyzes the impact of changes in income division within cities on the level of social public goods supply by using the data of provincial capitals from 2010 to 2018.The results show that fiscal decentralization at municipal level significantly improves the level of social public goods supply.The grouped study shows that there are some differences in the effect of fiscal decentralization among different regions,and the enhancement effect of fiscal decentralization on social public goods is more significant in eastern cities.The classification study shows that the enhancement effect of fiscal decentralization is very significant in medical and environmental public goods,but not significant in education public goods.Further analysis shows that the relationship between fiscal decentralization and social public goods supply level is affected by urban economic development and financial pressure.