世界卫生组织WISN方法介绍及对我国的启示

The World Health Organization WISN method and its implications to China

梳理世界卫生组织基于工作量指标的卫生人力配置方法 (Workload indicators of staffing need, WISN)的发展历程,为我国卫生人力发展规划提供参考和借鉴。文章基于文献分析法,系统总结WISN方法实施流程、关键步骤、方法局限、应用经验以及对我国的启示。国际应用WISN方法经验表明,WISN方法可以对卫生服务活动进行标准化管理,对卫生人员进行科学化配置,但在实践应用中,对卫生统计数据准确度以及卫生服务数据精度要求高。WISN方法可以科学的进行卫生人员配置,未来我国需要扩大卫生统计数据的合理收集及管理,建设卫生统计大数据共享平台,综合考虑各方因素,探索出适合我国国情的WISN方法并因地制宜地推广应用,不断完善我国医疗卫生人力规划体系。

Objective:To review the development of the workload indicators of staffing need(WISN) method of the World Health Organization(WHO), and to provide references and lessons for China’s health workforce development planning.Methods:Based on the literature analysis method, the implementation process, key steps, methodological limitations, application experiences and inspirations for China of the WISN method are systematically summarized.Results:International experience in applying the WISN method shows that the WISN method can standardize the management of health service activities and scientific allocation of health personnel. However, in practical application, it requires high accuracy of health statistics and precision of health service data.Conclusion:The WISN method can scientifically allocate health personnel, and in the future, China needs to expand the reasonable collection and management of health statistics data, build a big data sharing platform for health statistics, consider all factors, explore the WISN method suitable for China’s national conditions and promote its application according to local conditions, and continuously improve China’s medical and health manpower planning system.