高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设政策的演进逻辑与优化路径——基于36份国家职业教育政策文本的研究

The Evolution Logic and Optimization Path of the Construction Policy of “Dual-qualified” Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges——Based on 36 National Vocational Education Policy Texts

教师队伍是职业教育发展的第一资源。近年来,我国高职院校教师队伍规模的增长与质量的提升,与我国相关职业教育政策的大力推动密不可分。通过NVivo12Plus软件对2010-2020年国家发布的36份职业教育政策文本进行编码分析,疏理出我国高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设政策文本5个一级编码、14个二级编码和38个三级编码。研究发现,高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设政策的演进逻辑是:界定标准从教师个体向结构化团队转变;建设路径从注重职后培训向构建培养培训体系转变;招聘聘用从注重学历向学历实践并重转变;保障制度从参照执行向独立成类转变;考核评价从单一主体向多元参与转变。进一步优化高职教师“双师型”教师队伍建设政策,需要完善高职院校“双师型”教师队伍政策内容、加强高职院校“双师型”教师政策协同推进、关注高职院校“双师型”教师政策中的教师个体。

Teachers are the first resource for the development of vocational education. In recent years, the scale expansion and quality improvement of teachers in higher vocational colleges are inseparable from the vigorous promotion of relevant vocational education policies in China. Through the coding analysis of 36 vocational education policy texts issued from 2010 to 2020 by NVivo12Plus software, 5 first-level codes, 14 secondary-level codes and 38 three-level codes were sorted out. It is found that the evolution logic of the construction policy of“double-qualified”teachers is: the definition standard changes from individual teacher to structured team, the construction path changes from focusing on post training to building an integrative pre-career and post-career teacher education system;the recruitment and employment changes from focusing on education to paying equal attention to education and practical ability;the guarantee system changes from reference implementation to independent classification;the evaluation method changes from single subject to pluralism participation.In order to further optimize the construction policy of“dual-qualified”teachers in higher vocational colleges, it is necessary to improve the policy content, strengthen policy coordination, and pay attention to individual teachers.