发酵山楂渣对仔猪生长性能、后肠道菌群和粪便臭味物质的影响

Effect of Fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Residue on Growth Performance, Posterior Intestinal Microflora and Fecal Malodorous Gas of Piglets

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加发酵山楂渣及不同添加方式对仔猪生长性能、后肠道菌群和粪便臭味物质的影响。选取160头体重相近的保育后期杜×长×大三元仔猪,随机分为4组,每组4个重复(每个重复10头猪)。对照组(D组)饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组(S1组、S2组和S3组)饲喂90%基础饲粮+10%发酵山楂渣饲料,其中S1组发酵山楂渣饲料与基础饲粮一同制粒,S2组单独料槽分别饲喂基础饲粮和发酵山楂渣饲料,S3组混合后一同饲喂。结果显示:饲粮中添加发酵山楂渣能够改善仔猪生长性能,提升仔猪肠道微生物多样性,有效降低猪粪便中的臭味物质。其中发酵山楂渣饲料与基础饲粮一同制粒的添加方式效果最佳,对养分消化率影响最小并能提高对粗蛋白的消化率,与对照组相比,仔猪平均日增重显著提高8.36%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低15.04%(P<0.05),有效降低仔猪粪便中粪臭素等臭味物质的含量。结果表明,发酵山楂渣饲料替代10%基础饲粮在仔猪饲养中具有提高生长性能、改善猪舍气味、提高饲喂效果和增加经济效益等优势。

The experiment was to evaluate the effect of fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue and its adding ways on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, posterior intestinal microflora and fecal malodorous gas of piglets. A total of 160 piglets were randomly divided into four groups with four repeats each group and ten pigs each repeat, including one control group(D) which was fed with basal diet and three experiment groups(group S1, S2, S3) which were fed with 10% fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed + 90% basal diet. The piglets in group S1 were fed with granulated feed that fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed and basal diet were granulated together;the group S2 was fed with fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed and basal diet in separate trough;the group S3 was fed with the mixture of fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed and basal diet. The resultsshowed that: the addition of fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed to the diet could sig-nificantly improve the growth performance and in-testinal microbial diversity of piglets. The fecal malodorous gas was also reduced effectively compared to the control group. The adding way of granulatingtogether in group S1 had the best feeding effects with the least effect on nutrient digestibility, and the im-provement on the digestibility of crude protein. Feeding with granulated feed containing fermented Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed in group S1 raised the ADG of piglets by 8.36% and reduced the F/G by15.04%(P<0.05), decreased the malodorous gas such as scatol in pig faeces effectively. These results indi-cated that adding Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. residue feed to the diet could improve growth performance,improve the smell of pig house, enhance the feeding effect and economic benefit.