火炮身管试样烧蚀试验及数值模拟分析

A Study on Erosion Experiment for Gun Barrel Sample and Numerical Simulation

为研究火炮身管内膛烧蚀机理,基于半密闭爆发器研制了身管试样烧蚀装置,采用该装置开展了火炮身管试样烧蚀试验,获得了较为稳定的单发烧蚀量。为研究试样在热和化学作用下的烧蚀过程、揭示身管内膛烧蚀机理,提出了烧蚀速率模型,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS仿真分析了试样在热和化学作用下的烧蚀过程。结果表明,试样受到高温火药燃气冲刷在表面产生强烈的热对流作用,倒角处存在热集中进而使倒角处产生强烈的热烧蚀。根据理论分析和仿真结果得出,在多发射击后未表面处理试样倒角逐渐变圆滑、镀铬试样在阳线棱边圆角处容易脱落,与试验装置和实际火炮内膛烧蚀现象一致。

To study the erosion mechanism of a gun barrel,a novel erosion experiment for barrel sample based on semi-closed bomb was proposed.Gun barrel sample erosion was simulated using the experiment,and stable erosion depth of single shots was obtained.To study the sample erosion process under heat and chemical effects,and to reveal the barrel bore erosion mechanism,an erosion rate model was proposed and heat transfer and chemical effects were simulated by ABAQUS.The results show that strong convection exists between the high temperature propellant gas and sample surface,thermal concentrates at chamfer and strong erosion occurs.According to theoretical analysis and simulations,the chamfer on barrel land made of plain steel becomes smooth after several firings,while chrome-plated round corners of rifling lands comes off after several firings,which agree with the experimental results and actual gun barrel bore erosion.