氮磷钾配施对玄参指标成分质量分数的影响

Effect of Combined Application of NPK Fertilizers on Index Components of Scrophularia Ningpoensis

采用“3414”施肥试验方案,在重庆产区进行了玄参氮(N),磷(P),钾(K)肥施用量及配比试验,探讨不同N,P,K配比组合对玄参水热浸出物、哈巴苷和哈巴俄苷总量的影响,以期筛选出最佳施用配比,为本地区玄参高产优质的规范化栽培提供科学依据.结果表明:水热浸出物、哈巴苷和哈巴俄苷总量在各施肥处理间差异有统计学意义,二者质量分数均以N_(2)P_(2)K_(1)最高;N,P,K肥对玄参水热浸出物、哈巴苷和哈巴俄苷总量的影响由大到小分别表现为P>K>N,N>P>K;3因素两两交互对水热浸出物为负交互作用,N和K对哈巴苷和哈巴俄苷总量为负交互作用,其余为正交互作用;平均隶属函数值由大到小依次为N_(2)P_(2)K_(1)=N_(2)P_(1)K_(1)>N_(2)P_(1)K_(2)>N0P_(2)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(0)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)>N0P_(0)K0>N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)=N_(2)P_(2)K0>N_(1)P_(1)K_(2)=N_(1)P_(2)K_(1)>N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)=N_(1)P_(2)K_(2).在本试验范围内,14种不同氮磷钾肥料配比处理对玄参指标成分质量分数的影响中,以N_(2)P_(2)K_(1),N_(2)P_(1)K_(1)中低等配比的综合效果最佳.

To screened out the best application ratio,which provides scientific basis for the standardized cultivation of Scrophularia ningpoensis with high yield and good quality in Chongqing area,the“3414”fertilization scheme was adopted to explore the effects of different NPK combinations on the hydrothermal extract,the total amount of harpagide and harpagoside of Scrophularia ningpoensis.The results show that there were significant differences in total of hydrothermal extracts,harpagide and harpagoside,among different fertilization treatments,and the highest contents were found in N_(2)P_(2)K_(1).The effects of NPK fertilizer on the total amount of hydrothermal extract and harpagide and harpagoside were P>K>N,N>P>K,respectively.NPK pairwise interaction showed negative interaction with hydrothermal extract,N and K showed negative interaction with total amount,and the rest showed positive interaction.The order of average membership function value from high to low was N_(2)P_(2)K_(1)=N_(2)P_(1)K_(1)>N_(2)P_(1)K_(2)>N0P_(2)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(0)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)>N0P_(0)K0>N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)=N_(2)P_(2)K0>N_(1)P_(1)K_(2)=N_(1)P_(2)K_(1)>N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)>N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)=N_(1)P_(2)K_(2).In the scope of this study,the comprehensive effect of N_(2)P_(2)K_(1),N_(2)P_(1)K_(1),which medium and low ratio on the index components of Scrophularia ningpoensis was the best among the 14 different treatments.