楚雄市地表水中有毒微藻的分布及藻类多样性抽样调查

A Sample Survey on the Distribution and Diversity of Toxic Microalgae in Surface Water in Chuxiong City

为研究楚雄市区内地表水中有毒微藻的分布及藻类多样性,本文从楚雄市区内的龙江公园、桃源湖、花鸟市场、青龙河、铜鼓寨等水体采集水样,利用光学显微镜进行直接观察和水样富集后的观察,对水体中的微藻种类及多样性进行分析。结果显示,观察到的有毒微藻包括鱼腥藻、微囊藻;除此以外,其他藻类包括小球藻、盘星藻、栅藻等21种微藻;各个水体藻类Simpeson指数在0.944~0.995之间,差异较小,但Shannon-Wiener指数存在较大差异。楚雄市区内地表水中的微藻大多为无毒藻类,有毒微藻的仅有鱼腥藻和微囊藻,这一发现有利于有效利用楚雄市区内的藻类资源以及针对性地预防藻类引发的水环境安全问题。

To study the distribution of toxic microalgae in surface water of Chuxiong urban area and the algae diversity, after collecting water samples from Longjiang Park, Taoyuan Lake, Flower and Bird Market,Qinglong River and Tongguzhai in Chuxiong City, we used optical microscopes for direct observation and observation after enrichment of water samples to analyze the types and diversity of microalgae in the water. The results showed that the toxic microalgae observed included Houttuynia and Microcystis;In addition, other algae included Chlorella vulgaris, Corydalis, and another 21 microalgae;The simpeson index of algae in each water body is between 0.944 and 0.995, but the Shannon-Wiener index is different greatly. Most of the microalgae in the surface water of Chuxiong urban area are non-toxic algae, and only Anabaena and Microcystis are toxic microalgae. This finding will be beneficial to the effective use of algae resources in Chuxiong urban area and the prevention of water environment safety risks caused by algae.