水稻淀粉调控研究进展

Research Progress of Rice Starch Regulation

淀粉作为水稻最主要的储藏物质,其结构、含量及理化性质等直接影响着稻米品质。研究发现,淀粉是在一系列关键酶的共同作用下合成的,但相关酶在淀粉合成路径中的具体作用缺乏系统性研究。文章综述了近年来水稻淀粉合成途径和调控淀粉合成的转录因子家族(b ZIP家族、AP2/ERF家族)以及近年来在蛋白水平上对淀粉的生物合成有重要作用的基因等研究进展,进行系统梳理,以进一步解析水稻淀粉合成机理机制,为指导培育优质水稻新品种提供理论支撑。

Starch is the main storage material of rice,its structure,content and physicochemical properties directly affect the quality of rice.It was found that starch was synthesized by a series of key enzymes,but the specific role of related enzymes in starch synthesis pathway was not systematically studied.In this paper,recent advances in studies on starch synthesis pathways and transcription factor families(bZIP family,AP2/ERF family)that regulate starch synthesis as well as genes that play important roles in starch biosynthesis at the protein level in recent years were reviewed,in order to further analyze the mechanism of starch synthesis in rice and provide theoretical support for guiding the cultivation of high quality new rice varieties.