我国体育非物质文化遗产可持续性发展的思考

Sustainable Development of Sports Non-material Cultural Heritage in China from the Perspective of LivingProduction-Ecological Spaces and Cultural Reciprocity

运用实地调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,在“三生空间”与“文化互惠”双重视角下,对体育非物质文化遗产可持续性发展问题展开研究。通过对行政管理因素、经济因素、人口因素、群体因素、城镇化因素、文化因素的调查分析,对体育非遗可持续性发展的内生性问题进行探讨。结论:伴随着我国社会城镇化建设的不断发展,一些体育非遗项目赖以存在的“原生态”的“三生”空间已经解构,在“经济”“人口”“群体”“文化”等方面失去了“原生态土壤”,历史与现实产生明显的文化差距。加之行政管理方面的一些疏漏与缺失,使得一些体育非遗项目的可持续性发展面临较大的现实困难;体育非物质文化遗产的社会属性,决定了其可持续性发展必然受到所属社会中的经济、人口、群体、生态环境、文化等内生性因素的制约,并不以个人或相关利益群体的主观意愿为转移;“三生空间”与“文化互惠”应该成为体育非遗可持续性发展考虑的重要因素。体育非遗的可持续性发展应该与时俱进,满足当下社会所需,并指向未来发展的需求。最后,依据研究结果与结论提出相应的建议。

This paper studies the sustainable development of sports intangible cultural heritage from the perspective of“Living-Production-Ecological spac⁃es”and“cultural reciprocity”by field method and expert interview.It investigated and analyzed the factors on administrative management,economics,popu⁃lation,group,urbanization and culture,and it did an in-depth discussion on the endogenous problems about the sustainable development of intangible cultur⁃al heritage of Chinese sports.The sustainable development of some sports intangible cultural heritage projects have to face great practical difficulties,because of,with the continuous development of China's social urbanization,the“original ecology”of the“Living-Production-Ecological spaces”that some intangible cultural heritage sports projects rely on has been deconstructed and the“original ecological soil”has been lost in the aspects of“economy”,“population”,“group”and“culture”,and there is an obvious cultural lag between history and reality.Because of the social attribute,the sustainable development of intangi⁃ble cultural heritage of Chinese sports is bound to be restricted by endogenous factors such as economy,population,group,ecological environment and cul⁃ture in the society it belongs to,and is not dependent on the subjective will of individuals or relevant interest groups.The important part of the sustainable de⁃velopment of sports intangible cultural heritage should be“Living-Production-Ecological spaces”and“cultural reciprocity”,and should keep pace with the times,meet the needs of current society and point to the needs of future development.Finally,put forward some suggestions base on research results and con⁃clusions.