舞蹈动作视频游戏对老年人工作记忆的影响

Effect of Dance Active Video Games Training on Working Memory of the Older Adults

目的:观察舞蹈动作视频游戏对健康老年人工作记忆的影响,并探讨潜在的神经心理机制。方法:30名健康老年人随机分为试验组和对照组,每组均为15人。试验组进行舞蹈动作视频游戏训练,每周3次,每次40 min,持续12周;对照组每周进行2次健康知识学习,每次40 min。试验前后进行工作记忆任务的行为和脑电测试。结果:(1)试验组舞蹈动作视频游戏技能得到提高(t=-6.528,P=0.001),且工作记忆任务的反应时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)试验组工作记忆任务的大脑活动模式表现为低频alpha的去同步化和高频alpha的同步化,具体表现在0~300 ms左侧顶叶低频alpha的去同步化和右侧顶叶及枕叶高频alpha的去同步化,300~600 ms左侧额叶及枕叶低频alpha的同步化和右侧顶叶及枕叶高频alpha的去同步化,600~900 ms左侧顶叶及枕叶低频alpha的去同步化和左侧半球高频alpha的去同步化。结论:舞蹈动作视频游戏训练可能是改善老年人工作记忆能力一个有效的干预工具。

Objective:To investigate the effects of dance action video games on working memory and cerebral plasticity in healthy elderly people.Methods:30 healthy elderly people participated in the study,15 in the action video group and 15 in the control group.Participants in the experimental group were trained with dance action video games for 40 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks.Participants the control group studied health knowledge for 40 minutes twice a week.Results:Participants'performance of dancing video games were improved(t=-6.528,P=0.001),and the response time of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group.After the game intervention,the brain activity patterns of the participants in the task of working memory mainly occurred in the low-frequency alpha and high-frequency alpha frequencies,which showed the desynchronization of the low-frequency alpha frequen⁃cies and the synchronization of the high-frequency alpha frequencies.The brain regions involved were frontal lobe,parietal lobe and occipital lobe.The he⁃modynamic patterns of the brain activity after the training were the Turn into a balanced activity in the frontal lobe region.Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that the action video game training may be an effective intervention tool to improve the working memory of the elderly.