内蒙古半干旱区青贮玉米的适应性

Adaptability of silage maize in semi-arid area of Inner Mongolia

为筛选出在半干旱地区适应性强、高产优质的青贮玉米(Zea mays)种质资源,采用灰色关联度分析法对内蒙古赤峰市种植的10个青贮玉米品种的生产性能和营养品质进行综合评价。结果表明,该地区10个青贮玉米品种中,生物产量表现最好的是‘豫青贮23’,鲜草产量和干草产量分别为171085.5和53720.9 kg·hm^(−2);株高表现较好的是‘京九青贮16’和‘豫青贮23’,分别是316.7和314.4 cm;穗位高变化在92.0~173.9 cm,品种‘XY1225’的穗位最高;粗蛋白含量最高的为‘京科932’,达到10.28%;中性和酸性洗涤纤维最低的皆为‘屯玉358’。淀粉含量较高的是‘屯玉358’和‘北农青贮208’,分别为33.98%和33.53%。灰色关联度分析结果表明,‘屯玉358’、‘北农青贮208’和‘铁研53’在当地的综合表现最好,这3个品种可作为优质青贮玉米品种在当地推广种植,解决当地气候干燥导致家畜青绿饲料供应不足问题。

To screen out the germplasm resources of silage maize(Zea mays)with strong adaptability,high yield,and high quality in semi-arid area,the production performance,and nutritional quality of 10 silage maize varieties planted in Chifeng City,China were comprehensively evaluated using grey correlation analysis.Among the 10 silage maize varieties,‘Yu silage 23’had the best biomass performance,with fresh yield and hay yield of 171085.5 and 53720.9 kg·ha^(−1),respectively.‘Jingjiu silage 16’and‘Yu silage 23’performed better than other varieties,with plant heights of 316.7 and 314.4 cm,respectively.The variation range of ear height was 92.0~173.9 cm.‘XY1225’had the highest ear position.‘Jingke 932’had the highest crude protein content,reaching 10.28%.‘Tunyu 358’displayed the lowest content of neutral detergent and acid detergent fibers.‘Tunyu 358’and‘Beinong silage 208’displayed high starch contents(33.98%and 33.53%,respectively).Grey correlation analysis revealed the best comprehensive performance in the local area for‘Tunyu 358’,‘Beinong silage 208’,and‘Tieyan 53’.The findings indicate that these three varieties can be used as high quality silage corn varieties to promote local planting and to overcome the problem of insufficient supply of green feed for livestock caused by dry local climate.