小家庭制 大家庭观:家国情怀的重塑路径

Nuclear Family System and Extended Family View:the Reshaping Path of Family and National Feelings

中国传统的大家庭制形成了“家国同构”的文化软实力及治理传统。从传统大家庭到现代小家庭的变迁是历史的必然,也使得人们更加追求“个性”价值,“独乐”思想盛行,家庭支持趋向“内核”化,从而造成了家国情怀从“小家”延展到“国家”的建构困境。为避免滑入现代化家庭的个体主义陷阱,帮助个体构建家国连续统的意识,在小家庭制中适度重构人们的大家庭观具有重要意义。我们需要扬弃人情观及家族观,加强文化认同、情感认同和血缘认同,宣扬大家庭观,重塑堂表亲纽带和关系网络,强化家国大叙事与大家庭情感。在小家庭制中宣扬大家庭观是“名实分离”表面有违,但在重塑家国情怀目标上却是实质无违,相映成趣。

The traditional extended family system in China has formed the cultural soft power and governance tradition of“the co-construction of family and nation”.The change from traditional extended family to modern nuclear family is a historical necessity,which results in people’s pursuit of individual value and the prevalence of the idea of“individual happiness”.And the family support tend to come from the nuclear family,resulting in the construction dilemma of family and nation feelings in extending from“nuclear family”to“the nation”.In order to avoid slipping into the individualistic trap of modern family and help individuals to construct the consciousness of family and nation continuum,it is of great significance to reconstruct people’s view of extended family appropriately under the nuclear family system.We need to get over the concept of human and family,strengthen cultural identity,emotional identity and blood identity,promote the concept of big family,rebuild the bond and network of Cousins,and strengthen the narrative of the family and the emotion of the big family.Advocating the concept of big family in the small family system is“separation of name and reality”on the surface,but in remodeling the goal of family and country,there is no breach in essence,and both are complementary to each other.