《呐喊》《彷徨》的医学思维与诊治理路

Lu Xun’s Medical Thinking and Way of Diagnosis in Nahan(Scream)and Panghuang(Hesitation)

对国人的创伤描写,特别是心理和精神创伤的描写,是鲁迅《呐喊》《彷徨》创作中的一个鲜明特点。曾经是医学生的鲁迅,在《呐喊》《彷徨》创作中有着缜密的现代医学思维和诊治理路。他善于用医者的眼光来看待国人的创伤,通过对创伤病源由外而内的寻找与聚焦,对疼痛病根由表及里的触及与诊断,以及对呻吟病理由轻到重的审视与剖析,最终发现了蛰伏在国人心理和精神上的沉疴,并予以详尽的“暴露”和精心的“疗治”,旨在“催人留心”,引起全社会“疗救的注意”。

The description of Chinese people’s trauma,especially the description of psychological and spiritual trauma,is a distinctive feature of Lu Xun’s works in Nahan(Scream)and Panghuang(Hesitation).Once a medical student,Lu Xun had rigorous modern medical thinking and way of diagnosis in the two works.He was good at looking the wounds of the nationals with the eyes of a doctor.By looking for and focusing on the causes of trauma from the outside to the inside,dealing with and diagnosing the roots of pain from the external to the internal,examining and analyzing the mild and severe causes of the pathology of groaning,Lu Xun finally discovered the serious psychological and spiritual disease that lay dormant in the nationals,and made an exhaustive“exposure”and conducted elaborate“treatments”with the aim of calling for the people to pay attention and attracting the“attention for healing and saving”of the whole society.