中国共产党的减贫事业:实践历程、基本经验与前景展望

Poverty Reduction Cause of the Communist Party of China:Practice Progress,Basic Experience and Future Prospect

中国共产党减贫事业的探索经历了四个历史时期:新民主主义革命时期、社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放新时期、新时代全面建成小康社会时期。在不同的发展阶段,中国共产党采用不同的减贫策略,从带领农民翻身解放到大力缓解普遍贫困,从解决农民温饱问题到实现“两不愁三保障”,探索出一条中国特色社会主义减贫道路。中国共产党减贫实践的基本经验包括:始终坚持发展马克思主义减贫理论,始终坚持党对减贫工作的坚强领导,始终坚持依靠人民来推进减贫工作,始终坚持构建和完善减贫治理体系。针对减贫形势发生的深刻变化,中国共产党在新征程中应建立巩固脱贫攻坚成果的长效机制,做好脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴工作体系衔接,提高农村老病残等群体的综合保障水平,拓展社会力量开展驻村帮扶的制度空间。

The poverty reduction cause of the Communist Party of China has undergone four stages:the new-democratic revolution stage,the socialist revolution and construction stage,the socialist modernization construction stage,and the stage of building a moderately well-off society in all aspects.In different developing stages,the Party utilized different poverty reduction strategies,from leading peasants to achieve liberation to greatly alleviating prevalent poverty,from solving the problem of peasants’having adequate food and clothing to achieving“two assurances and three guarantees”to explore a way of socialist poverty reduction with the socialism with Chinese characteristics.The basic experience of poverty reduction practice of the Party includes:always persisting in developing the Marxist poverty reduction theory,always persisting in the Party’s strong leadership in poverty reduction cause,always persisting in relying on the people to push forward the poverty reduction cause,and always persisting in building and improving the poverty reduction governance system.To address the profound changes in poverty reduction,the Communist Party of China should carry on the poverty reduction cause effectively in the new stage:establish and consolidate the permanent mechanism for the poverty eradication program,do a good job in linking poverty eradication program with rural vitalization system,elevate the comprehensive security standard for the old,sick,disabled and other groups in the rural areas,and expand the system space for social forces to carry out support and aid in villages.