陈翰笙早期世界史研究中的民族主义问题

Nationalism in Chen Han-seng’s Early Study of World History

20世纪20年代,陈翰笙曾对世界历史中的民族主义问题进行了重要探讨。这部分研究主要集中在其留学及回北大任教期间写作的一系列论文中,寄予着他对“一战”后中国民族独立问题的现实关怀。通过对第一次巴尔干战争中阿尔巴尼亚民族独立运动的研究,陈翰笙既指出了“一战”后威尔逊“民族自决”口号的局限,也注意到了俄国所支持的泛斯拉夫主义在推动阿尔巴尼亚争取国家独立、反对既有帝国体系方面的积极意义。陈翰笙由此提出了“联苏联”的主张。进入30年代后,陈翰笙又进一步发展了早期对于民族主义的理解,致力于构建正义与民主的“民族经济”理想。陈翰笙对于民族主义的思考充分体现了欧洲以外的地区和国家对民族主义理论的批判性和创造力。

Chen Han-seng,the well-known Chinese economist,sociologist as well as historian worked extensively on nationalism in his early study of world history.Started with the bachelor and M.A.thesis written immediately after the WWI and extended to his historical research written at Peking University in the early 1920s,Chen’s work on nationalism was propelled by his deep concern for China’s undecided fate in the wake of the war.Through a study of Albania’s independent movement during the First Balkan War,Chen revealed the limitations of the principle“self-determination”,which was proposed by United States President Woodrow in the aftermath of the war.Meanwhile,he called attention to the Russian supported pan-slavism that thrust Albanian nationalism.Based on his understanding of nationalism as a historical force that could combat world imperialism,Chen formed his early perception of Russian and subsequently advocated to unite Soviet Union in 1925.This early understanding of nationalism as a progressive historical force was further developed in the 1930s and realized in Chen’s economic and sociological practice.